R&F
Pigment Stick - Ultramarine Blue Pale, 38 ml
Reducing
the rich violet-like undertone of Ultramarine Blue with white produces a tint
that shuttles between violet, blue, and grey, depending on its juxtaposed
colour—a mix of Ultramarine Blue and Titanium-Zinc White.
- Pigment
Composition: PB29-Ultramarine [Blue]; PW6-Titanium White; PW7-Zinc Sulphide
White
- Dimension:
38 ml. stick measuring 5" x 3/4" diameter
- Paint
Lines: Encaustic, Pigment Stick
- Opacity:
Opaque
- Pigment
Stick Drying Rate: Medium
- Classification:
Mixed
- Chemical
Composition: Ultramarine Blue + Titanium White + Zinc White
- Safety
Information: Conforms to ASTM D-4236
Pigment
Name: PB29 Ultramarine [Blue]
Classification:
Synthetic Inorganic
Chemical
Composition: Complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulphur
Properties
Ultramarine
is the standard warm blue, a brilliant blue pigment with the most purple and
least green in its undertone. It has moderate to high tinting strength and
beautiful transparency. Synthetic Ultramarine is not as vivid a blue as natural
Ultramarine. Ultramarine dries slowly in oil and produces clean, though
granular, washes in watercolour. French Ultramarine mixes well with Alizarin
colours in oil and watercolour form to create a range of purples and violets.
It can dull when mixed with white in acrylic form but mixes well with other
colours. The shade varies based on the manufacturer. Considered a great colour
for glazes, it is not suitable for frescoing.
Permanence
Ultramarine
has excellent permanence, although synthetic Ultramarine is less permanent than
natural lapis lazuli, which is the original Ultramarine. Because of its
sulfuric content, it may discolour if exposed to acid.
Toxicity
Ultramarine
has no significant hazards.
History
The name
for this pigment comes from the Middle Latin ultra, meaning beyond, and mare,
meaning sea, because it was imported from Asia to Europe by sea. It is a
prominent component of lapis lazuli and was used on Asian temples starting in
the 6th century. It was one of the most expensive pigments in 16th century
Europe, worth twice its weight in gold, and so was used sparingly and when
commissions were larger. Modern Ultramarine is imitated by a process invented
in France in 1826 by Jean Baptiste Guimet, making blue affordable to artists
and extending the range of colours on their palettes.
Pigment
Name: PW6 Titanium White
Classification:
Synthetic Inorganic
Chemical
Composition: Titanium dioxide
Properties
Titanium
White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an
all-purpose oil colour that is useful in all techniques and the best all-around
white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it between Lead White and
Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it
still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than
Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic
forms and semi-opaque in watercolour form. This pigment has good chemical
stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc
White.
Permanence
Titanium
White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.
Toxicity
Titanium
dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as completely non-toxic. Animal
studies do not indicate that it is absorbed biologically, even after long
periods of exposure. The primary safety concern is with the inhalation of fine
pigment dust particles.
History
Titanium is
the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. However, mineral deposits
that are economical to mine are rare. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in
1821, although it could not be mass-produced until 1919. Widespread use of the
pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly
used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the
elder brother of Kronos and the ancestor of the Titans, and the Greek word
tito, meaning day or sun.
Pigment
Name: PW7 Zinc Sulphide White
Classification:
Synthetic Inorganic
Chemical
Composition: Zinc sulphide
Properties
Zinc
Sulphide White is a semi-transparent yellowish-white pigment. Zinc sulphide and
zinc oxide (PW4) are often combined to create a more natural white colour.
Transparency increases as particle size decreases. When slight impurities are
added, zinc sulphide has phosphorescent and electroluminescent properties. It
is often used to manufacture fluorescent or glow-in-the-dark paints.
Permanence
Zinc
Sulphide White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.
Toxicity
Zinc
Sulphide is non-toxic, but ore deposits often contain lead. Traces of lead and
other impurities may be present in pigment powders. Ingestion is not
recommended.
History
Zinc
sulphide, when combined with slight impurities, has phosphorescent properties.
It is often used to manufacture invisible ink that glows with ultraviolet light
and fluorescent paints.
