R&F Encaustic Block, French Mauve Bluish 40ml

R&F Encaustic Paint Block – French Mauve Bluish, 40 ml

• Pigment Composition: PV49-Cobalt Violet Light; PW6-Titanium White; PB29-Ultramarine [Blue]; PW7-Zinc Sulphide White
• Paint Lines: Encaustic, Pigment Stick
• Opacity: Opaque
• Pigment Stick Drying Rate: Slow
• Classification: Mixed
• Chemical Composition: Cobalt phosphate, titanium-Zinc White
• Safety Information: Conforms to ASTM D-4236

Safety Warnings: This product contains cadmium, a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.

Pigment Name: PV49-Cobalt Violet Light

Classification: Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Cobalt ammonium phosphate

Properties

Cobalt Violet PV49 is a lightfast, semitransparent, non-staining, light violet pigment with low tinting strength. Because of its high cost and low tinting strength, it is generally used only in pure applications.

Permanence

Cobalt ammonium phosphate is completely lightfast. Because of its low tinting strength, tints are susceptible to color shifts, as other materials undergo changes.

Toxicity

Cobalt ammonium phosphate is toxic.

History

Cobalt comes from the Middle High German word kobolt, an underground goblin, because miners thought cobalt harmed silver ores. Cobalt Violet was the first real violet pigment and was described by Salvetat in 1859. The light variety of this pigment, developed in Germany earlier in the 19th century, was particularly poisonous due to its arsenic content. Cobalt Violet hues were the only permanent bright violets available to artists until the 1950s. Cobalt ammonium phosphate has been manufactured since 1859, but its use in artist paints is less common than other forms of Cobalt Violet.

Pigment Name: PW6-Titanium White

Classification: Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Titanium dioxide

Properties

Titanium White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an all-purpose oil colour useful in all techniques and the best all around white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it somewhere between Lead White and Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic forms and semi-opaque in watercolour form. This pigment has good chemical stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc White.

Permanence

Titanium White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.

Toxicity

Titanium dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as completely non-toxic. Animal studies give no indication that it is absorbed biologically, even after long periods of exposure. The primary safety concern is with inhalation of fine pigment dust particles.

History

Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust, however mineral deposits that are economical to mine are less common. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in 1821, although it could not be mass produced until 1919. Widespread use of the pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the elder brother of Kronos and ancestor of the Titans, and from the Greek word tito, meaning day or sun.

Pigment Name: PB29-Ultramarine [Blue]

Classification: Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Complex silicate of sodium and aluminum with sulfur

Properties

Ultramarine is the standard warm blue, a brilliant blue pigment that has the most purple and least green in its undertone. It has a moderate to high tinting strength and a beautiful transparency. Synthetic Ultramarine is not as vivid a blue as natural Ultramarine. Ultramarine dries slowly in oil and tends to produce clean, though granular, washes in watercolour. French Ultramarine mixes well with Alizarin colours in oil and watercolour form to create a range of purples and violets. It can dull when mixed with white in acrylic form, but mixes well with other colours. The shade varies based on manufacturer. Considered a great colour for glazes, it is not suitable for frescoing.

Permanence

Ultramarine has excellent permanence, although synthetic Ultramarine is not as permanent as natural Ultramarine. It may discolour if exposed to acid because of its sulfuric content.

Toxicity

Ultramarine has no significant hazards.

History

The name for this pigment comes from the Middle Latin ultra, meaning beyond, and mare, meaning sea, because it was imported from Asia to Europe by sea. It is a prominent component of lapis lazuli and was used on Asian temples starting in the 6th century. It was one of the most expensive pigments in 16th century Europe, worth twice its weight in gold, and so was used sparingly and when commissions were larger. Ultramarine is currently imitated by a process invented in France in 1826 by Jean Baptiste Guimet, making blue affordable to artists and extending the range of colors on their palettes.

Pigment Name: PW7-Zinc Sulphide White

Classification: Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Zinc sulfide

Properties

Zinc Sulphide White is a semi-transparent yellowish white pigment. Zinc sulfide and zinc oxide (PW4) are often combined to create a more natural white colour. Transparency increases as particle size decreases. When slight impurities are added, zinc sulphide has phosphorescent and electroluminescent properties. It is often used to manufacture fluorescent or glow-in-the-dark paints.

Permanence

Zinc Sulphide White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.

Toxicity

Zinc Sulphide is non-toxic, but ore deposits often contain lead. Traces of lead and other impurities may be present in pigment powders. Ingestion is not recommended.

History

Zinc sulfide, when combined with slight impurities, has phosphorescent properties. It is often used for invisible ink that glows with exposure to ultraviolet light. Zinc sulfide is used in the manufacture of fluorescent paints.