R&F Oil Pigment Stick, Titanium-Zinc White 38ml

R&F Pigment Stick - Titanium-Zinc White, 38 ml

70% Titanium Dioxide, 30% Zinc Oxide. Combines the hiding power of Titanium with the clean tinting properties of Zinc.\

Pigment Composition: PW6-Titanium White; PW4-Zinc White

• Paint Lines: Pigment Stick
• Opacity: Opaque
• Pigment Stick Drying Rate: Medium
• Classification: Synthetic Inorganic
• Chemical Composition: Titanium dioxide (rutile) + Zinc oxide
• Safety Information: Conforms to ASTM D-4236

Pigment Name: PW6-Titanium White

Classification: Synthetic Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Titanium dioxide

Properties

Titanium White is the most brilliant of the white pigments. It is considered an all-purpose oil colour useful in all techniques and the best all-around white. Its masstone is neither warm nor cool, placing it somewhere between Lead White and Zinc White. It is less prone to cracking and yellowing than Lead White, but it still yellows easily. Titanium White dries slowly in oil form, more slowly than Lead White but more quickly than Zinc White. It is opaque in oil and acrylic forms and semi-opaque in watercolour form. This pigment has good chemical stability, and its tinting strength is superior to both Lead White and Zinc White.

Permanence

Titanium White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.

Toxicity

Titanium dioxide is highly stable and is regarded as completely non-toxic. Animal studies do not indicate that it is absorbed biologically, even after long periods of exposure. The primary safety concern is with the inhalation of fine pigment dust particles.

History

Titanium is the ninth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. However, mineral deposits that are economical to mine are less common. Titanium dioxide was first discovered in 1821, although it could not be mass-produced until 1919. Widespread use of the pigment began in the 1940s. Since that time, it has become the most commonly used white pigment. The name comes from the Latin word Titan, the name for the elder brother of Kronos and the ancestor of the Titans, and the Greek word tito, meaning day or sun.

Pigment Name: PW4-Zinc White

Classification: Synthetic Inorganic

Chemical Composition: Zinc (II)-oxide

Properties

Zinc White is the coolest white and has a cold, clean masstone and a slightly bluish tint. It has less hiding power and is more transparent than other whites. It dries slowly and is suitable for painting wet into wet and glazing and scumbling. Zinc White is neither as opaque nor heavy as Lead White; its covering power is not as good and takes much longer to dry. However, it does not blacken when exposed to sulphur in the air as Lead White does. It is precious for making tints with other colours. Unmixed Zinc White dries to a brittle and dry paint film that may crack over the years, so it is unsuitable for frescoing. It is more transparent in acrylic than Titanium White and is the most commonly used white with gouache. Chinese White is a version of Zinc White appropriate for opaque watercolour techniques.

Permanence

Zinc White has excellent permanence and lightfastness.

Toxicity

Zinc White is moderately toxic if ingested and slightly toxic if inhaled.

History

Though historians are divided on who first isolated the element zinc, they agree it was first suggested as a white pigment in 1782. Zinc White was accepted as a watercolour in 1834 and was called Chinese White due to the popularity of oriental porcelain in Europe at the time. Ten years later, a suitable oil form was produced. By the early 20th century, it had improved to the point where it was an acceptable alternative to Flake White.